调制度分析在等步长相移法相位展开中的应用

推导了两种常用等步长相移算法的调制度表达式,提出一种新的调制度分析方法。该方法用于等步长相移法中基于加权最小二乘法的相位展开,能够充分利用调制度信息,构造二值和小数权重,从而增强相位展开过程对多种干扰因素的免疫力。实验结果说明了该方法的有效性和实用性。最后比较了二值权重和小数权重在加权最小二乘法的相位展开中的性能表现。     

干涉多光谱卫星图像序列编码

星载干涉多光谱图像序列通过图像匹配实行定位形成光谱序列,相邻图像之间具有很强的相关性,与一般图像序列不同的是,相邻图像之间具有明显的平移特点。为了充分利用这一特点实现有效的图像压缩,同时减少编码系统复杂度,提出了一种新的图像序列编码方法,通过小波域系数匹配算法检测出相邻图像之间的相对位移量,然后对差值图像进行类似于单幅图像的编码,从而提高了总体编码效率。本算法具有与相同单幅图像编码算法相当的低复杂度特点,只需要对单幅图像与模板的差值进行基于小波变换的编码,从而避免了基于三维小波变换的编码算法对系统存储量要求大以及编码延时大的缺陷。仿真结果表明,本算法比基于三维小波变换的编码算法效果更好。     

一种基于畸变等效曲面的图像畸变校正

介绍了一种图像畸变的等效曲面模型,用于修正由于光学系统或图像传感器产生的畸变。分析了球形畸变模型的原理,推导出基于球形模型的畸变校正公式,并给出了基于球形模型的畸变校正的具体实现方法,通过实验对这种畸变校正的效果进行了验证。这种曲面畸变模型的校正具有实现简单,不需求解方程组等优点,并可以推广到其他曲面,具有比较广泛的实用性。     

车辆轮对踏面缺陷的光电检测方法研究

铁路车辆轮对踏面的擦伤与剥离是车辆在运行过程中形成的一种常见的不规则表面缺陷,是轮对检修过程中必须检测的一个项目。提出了一种利用光电技术非接触测量此表面缺陷的方法。该方法在轮对旋转条件下,用精密激光位移传感器对踏面进行快速扫描,采集值经处理后被转换为数字图像,再通过图像处理识别是否存在表面缺陷。必要时通过对缺陷部位的往复扫描,更准确识别出擦伤与剥离是否超出段修限度。该方法可有效检测出踏面缺陷,重复性好,可满足车辆段修现场使用要求。     

一种数字摄录一体机的畸变校准方法

畸变是评价光学成像系统像质的一个重要参数。在建立系统的畸变数学模型的基础上,利用计算机辅助方法,通过精确定位被测CCD摄录一体机光学中心的位置,由被测系统采集高精度目标靶的图像,并对数字图像进行处理,实现了对CCD摄录一体机畸变的测量。通过软件对系统进行畸变校正,可使被测系统的畸变测量的相对不确定度达到了0.11%。畸变校正技术可用于电视制导、航空测绘、飞船交汇对接等方面。     

基于标志点识别的自主车视觉导航

提出了一种基于室内标志点识别的单目视觉导航的方法。在地面上有规律地旋转一些标志点,采用辅助先验知识对标志点进行识别和分割,利用透视投影变换得到标志点与摄像机之间的相对距离,达到通过单目摄像机获得景物深度信息的目的。整个算法结构简单,易于实现,对由照明不均匀和地面反光所引起的各种干扰有较好地抑制作用。     

Bayesian estimation of incompletely observed diffusions

We present a general framework for Bayesian estimation of incompletely observed multivariate diffusion processes. Observations are assumed to be discrete in time, noisy and incomplete. We assume the drift and diffusion coefficient depend on an unknown parameter. A data-augmentation algorithm for drawing from the posterior distribution is presented which is based on simulating diffusion bridges conditional on a noisy incomplete observation at an intermediate time. The dynamics of such filtered bridges are derived and it is shown how these can be simulated using a generalised version of the guided proposals introduced in Schauer, Van der Meulen and Van Zanten (2017, Bernoulli 23(4A)).     

Study on the role of rivulet in rain–wind-induced cable vibration through wind tunnel testing

Rain–wind-induced vibration (RWIV) of stay cables has become a concern in bridge engineering over the past decades. The excitation mechanism of RWIV remains unclear. Many researchers believe that the upper rivulet is crucial to RWIV. However, experimental study on rivulet is challenging and limited. The current study designs and tests a cable model of 160 mm in diameter in an open jet wind tunnel. The upper rivulet movement and cable vibration are simultaneously measured. The importance of the upper rivulet in RWIV is directly demonstrated by alternately controlling the upper and lower rivulets. The characteristics of the upper rivulet movement and the effects of this movement on RWIV are investigated in detail. The experiment shows that the rivulet–cable system is coupled, which causes the cable and upper rivulet to vibrate at different amplitudes under the same wind speed. The upper rivulet harmonic movement changes the wind loading on the cable, causing the harmonic vibration of the cable, which in turn exerts a harmonic inertia force on the rivulet. A large vibration of the coupled system then develops.     

中应变率下材料动态拉伸关键参数测试方法

通过高速液压伺服材料试验机进行金属材料的中等应变率动态拉伸力学性能测试。为获取精确的动态拉伸载荷数据,提出了一种拉伸载荷的间接测量方法,在不改变试验机原有结构的情况下,解决了试验机自带载荷传感器测试数据在塑性段振荡导致材料真正动力学行为被掩盖的问题;通过数字图像相关的非接触测量方式进行动态拉伸应变的测量。实验验证表明,提出的载荷和应变测试方法可实现金属材料动态拉伸试验中的力学性能参数测试。     

A solids mixing rate correlation for small scale fluidized beds

A new first degree solids mixing rate is proposed to evaluate the mixing of solids in small scale fluidized beds. Particle mixing experiments were carried out in a 2D fluidized bed with a cross-section of 0.02 m × 0.2 m and a height of 1 m. White and black particles with average diameters of 850 and 450 μm were used in our experiments. Image processing was used to measure the concentration of the tracers at different times. The effects of four representative operating parameters (superficial gas velocity, ratio of tracer particles to bed particles, tracer particle position, and particle size) on mixing are discussed with reference to the mixing index. We found that the Lacey index depends on the concentration of the tracers. The position of the tracers affects the initial mixing rate but not the final degree of mixing. However, the new mixing rate equation does not depend on the initial configuration of the particles because this situation is considered to be the initial condition. Using the data obtained in this work and that found in literature, an empirical correlation is proposed to evaluate the mixing rate constant as a function of dimensionless numbers (Archimedes, Reynolds, and Froude) in small scale fluidized beds. This correlation allows for an estimation of the mixing rate under different operating conditions and for the detection of the end point and/or the time of mixing.